Kottabos Element of a Dancing Satyr (470 – 450 BCE)

The Kottabos Element of a Dancing Satyr is a remarkable bronze artifact from the 5th century BC, originating from Italy and attributed to the Etruscan civilization. Measuring 15 cm (5 7/8 in.) in height, this object was acquired through the J. H. Wade Fund. It represents a piece used in the ancient drinking game known as kottabos, reflecting both cultural practices and artistic traditions of its time.

This lively object, crafted between 470 and 450 BC, was likely used in the game of kottabos, a popular activity during Greek symposia and also known in Etruria. The game involved players attempting to knock a dish from a perch using wine dregs. The figure of the satyr, identifiable by its snub nose and equine ears, was part of a larger setup that included a taller post and additional elements, as depicted on ancient vases and preserved in more complete examples.

An anecdote associated with this artifact is its role in the kottabos game, which not only served as entertainment but also as a form of divination regarding one’s future success in love. The players, often intoxicated, would aim their wine dregs at the precariously balanced dish on the satyr’s hand, making for a lively and competitive atmosphere at gatherings.

In Greek mythology, satyrs were male nature spirits with characteristics of both humans and horses, known for their love of wine, music, and revelry. This artifact exemplifies the cultural significance of satyrs as companions of Dionysus, the god of wine, and their representation in various forms of art. The object illustrates the integration of mythological themes into everyday activities, such as the kottabos game.

The satyr is made of bronze and stands at 15 cm in height. The figure is depicted in a dynamic pose, with one leg lifted and an arm reaching toward a now-missing dish. The craftsmanship reflects the artistic skills of Etruscan artisans in the 5th century BC, with detailed features such as the snub nose and equine ears.

The provenance of the Kottabos Element of a Dancing Satyr traces back to Etruria in the 5th century BC. It was later acquired by the J. H. Wade Fund. The current condition of the satyr is well-preserved, though the original dish it held is missing. Conservation efforts have focused on maintaining the integrity of the bronze material and preventing further deterioration. Restoration has been minimal to preserve its authenticity and historical value.